Landing Procedures
Familiarization
LANDING PATTERN
FULL FLAP/SLAT (NORMAL)
*
Abeam—600 ft AGL, on-speed, and approximately 1 nm laterally across from the touchdown position
on the runway
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180-degree—600 ft AGL, on-speed, zero rate of descent, 15 seconds past abeam with time adjusted
for wind
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135-degree—on-speed, approximately 200-300 fpm rate of descent
*
90-degree—450 ft AGL and on-speed, approximately 500 fpm rate of descent
*
45-degree—325 to 375 feet AGL and on-speed, approximately 500-700 fpm rate of descent
*
The start—on centerline, on-speed, a centered ball, approximately 500-700 fpm rate of descent
NOTE: A proper pattern will result in a correct groove length of 15 to 18 seconds (Figure 17). The primary
emphasis of the landing pattern is an outside scan, cross-checking the instruments.
Procedures
To perform the landing pattern correctly, you must arrive at the proper abeam position, on-speed, on
altitude, and trimmed up. Call abeam to notify the tower of your intentions and to advise that your gear are
down and locked, i.e., “(call sign) abeam, gear, touch and go.”
Continue wings level from abeam at 600 ft AGL and on-speed for 15 seconds. Adjust for winds by
subtracting 1 second for each knot of headwind component. Perform the initial 90 degrees of the
approach turn primarily on instruments to establish a consistent rate of turn/rate of descent. Roll into a 27-
30 degree AOB turn, adjust the power, and lower the nose slightly to establish a 200-300 fpm rate of
descent. Use the nose attitude to maintain optimum AOA and use the power to control your rate of
descent. Check your position in relation to the extended centerline and adjust your AOB and rate of
descent to arrive at the proper 90 degree position. Concentrate on performing an instrument approach
through the first 90 degrees of turn. Scan the following flight instruments throughout the approach:
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VSI
*
Radar altimeter
*
ADI (AOB and heading)
*
AOA (indexer and gauge)
*
Barometric altimeter
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