Landing Procedures
Familiarization
High Energy
1.
HIGH. Reduce the power to increase your rate of descent and adjust the nose attitude to maintain
optimum AOA. As the ball begins to move toward the center, add just enough power to reestablish
and maintain the proper glideslope and readjust your nose attitude to maintain optimum AOA. Almost
immediately following this countercorrection, make a third adjustment: reduce the power slightly in
order to maintain the rate of descent required to hold the ball centered.
If the ball goes high in close or at the ramp, stop the movement but do not attempt to re-center the
ball, which will inevitably result in a high rate of descent (“dive for the deck”) and a hard landing—and,
potentially, blown tires and structural damage. Avoid the temptation to drastically reduce power when
you are high or climbing in close, accept a high or a bolter pass.
2.
FAST. Reduce power. As your aircraft decelerates, increase the nose attitude to maintain a centered
ball and to achieve optimum AOA. A noseup correction performed too rapidly generates excess
power and will cause the aircraft to go high. Not enough noseup will leave you fast and low.
Approaching optimum AOA, add power if necessary to maintain glideslope and readjust the nose
attitude as necessary to maintain optimum AOA. Once more, you will have to make a third correction:
reduce the power and readjust nose slightly.
3.
HIGH AND FAST. As in the high and on-speed, you must raise the nose attitude and reduce the
power. This time, however, reduce more power in order to correct in a timely manner. The ball will
begin to move toward the center. Once on-speed, apply power and readjust and retrim the nose to
hold the correct glideslope and AOA. If your aircraft approaches on-speed prior to regaining a cen-
tered ball, adjust the power to control your rate of descent and maintain proper AOA. As the ball
approaches the center, use the nose attitude and the power to stabilize on the proper AOA and
glideslope.
Low Energy
1.
LOW. Add power and adjust the nose attitude to maintain optimum AOA. As the ball becomes
centered, reduce the power to reestablish your glideslope and readjust your nose attitude to maintain
optimum AOA. Now, you have to make an inevitable third correction to stabilize your approach. Add a
small amount of power to prevent going low again. Never accept a low ball.
2.
SLOW. Add power. As your aircraft accelerates, decrease the nose attitude to obtain optimum AOA
and then readjust the nose attitude to maintain AOA and reduce the power to maintain glideslope. To
stabilize your approach, add a small amount of power and readjust the nose attitude.
3.
LOW AND SLOW. In this situation the aircraft is cocked up. Since the nose attitude is already high,
initiate the correction by adding power and holding the nose attitude constant, which will move the ball
upward and may or may not accelerate the aircraft. If the ball approaches the center prior to your
regaining the proper AOA, adjust the nose to obtain on-speed and reduce the power to stay on the
glideslope. If the aircraft accelerates while the ball is moving toward the center, adjust the nose
attitude to maintain proper AOA while waiting for the glideslope correction to be completed. When the
ball is centered, adjust the nose attitude and reduce the power simultaneously to maintain proper
glideslope and airspeed.
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