T-45C TS & ADV CO-09; IUT CO-05
Velocity Vector
II.
Velocity vector relationship to aircraft waterline
Sg 2, fr 1
1.9.3.1.5
HUD VELOCITY VECTOR
PROCEDURES
A. Waterline is the point from which aircraft pitch
and velocity vector angles are measured (both
* Aircraft Movement Versus
Heading
HUD and ADI)
* Velocity Vector
Relationship to Aircraft
NOTE: Following GINA alignment the HUD's
Waterline
waterline symbol (same as on the ADI) is
* Display Limits
replaced by the velocity vector symbol, which
* Uncaged and Caged
orients by different rules.
* HUD Modes
* Pilot Techniques
B. The waterline on the HUD falls along an
imaginary line connecting the tops of the KIAS
Sg 2, fr 2
and barometric altitude digital data boxes
C. The number of degrees on the pitch ladder
between the velocity vector and the waterline
equals True AOA in degrees (not units)
NOTE: Estimating True AOA in degrees using
ADI PITCH vs VELOCITY VECTOR
the HUD's pitch ladder and waterline reference
is simple and clear-cut, when the pitch ladder is
Sg 2, fr 2A
upright, even when the velocity vector is
significantly deflected for drift and/or side-slip.
However, when the pitch ladder has rotated for
bank (e.g., 90 degrees) and the velocity vector
is significantly deflected left or right of the pitch
ladder center line due to slip or drift, visually
estimating True AOA is no longer possible.
HUD PITCH vs VELOCITY VECTOR
D. Another way (always available) to determine
True AOA(DEGREES) is arithmetic:
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(10-99) Original
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