Instrument Flight
Safety/Emergency Procedures
EMERGENCY FUEL
If your fuel state reaches the point that you need special handling and/or priority handling (emergency fuel)
to land safely, you should declare “emergency fuel” to ATC. ATC will then provide priority handling to assist
you in expediting your approach and landing.
AIRCRAFT EMERGENCIES
An aircraft emergency occurring during a cross-country flight may present several problems in addition to
those encountered on local flights. Complicating factors include: strange fields, long distances, unknown
weather conditions, and unfamiliar terrain. Thorough knowledge of emergency procedures and careful
preflight planning will reduce, but not eliminate, these complications.
If an immediate landing is required, use any runway of suitable length. On a short runway, land as close
as possible to the runway threshold and use maximum braking.
If an ejection occurs, search and rescue (SAR) capabilities may be limited. You may find yourself in a
survival situation for an extended period of time, and your preflight preparation should include this
possibility.
GINA FAILURE
Indications: If the GINA experiences loss of position or attitude information, the POSITION or ATTITUDE
advisory window is shown on all MFD displays. All waypoint, time-to-go, and wind direction and speed
information is blanked from the displays. If one portion of the GINA, Global Positioning System (GPS) or
Inertial Navigation System (INS) fails, Hybrid (HYBD) is automatically deselected and the operating
position data source, GPS or INS, is selected. With a failure of one portion of the GINA, there is no
immediate degradation in the position data information. The only indication is that the position data
source automatically switched from HYBD to INS or GPS.
The procedure for dealing with a GINA failure is:
1. Use standby AI for attitude information.
2. Continue to use TACAN or VOR for navigation information.
3. With only a standby AI maintain VFR flight conditions, if possible.
4. Report the primary attitude instrument or loss of waypoint navigation if filed on an RNAV route to ATC.
5. Land as soon as practicable with a primary attitude failure.
When able, inform ATC of primary attitude and heading indicator failure, request a no-gyro, ground-
controlled approach. If this service is unavailable, use tail of bearing pointer to ascertain position and
perform timed turns to predetermined headings on the magnetic compass. The magnetic compass gives
erroneous indications during turns. Check magnetic compass heading during wings level, balanced flight
with zero VSI for most accurate reading.
DISPLAY ELECTRONICS UNIT (DEU) FAILURE
The DISPLAY POWER switch is a three-position switch: NORMAL, RESET and ORIDE. In NORMAL, the
DEU, both left MFDs, SADS, and VCR/CEU are powered by the 28-VDC essential bus through a two-
operate for two minutes and then shut down. If ORIDE is selected before expiration of the two-minute
timer, that relay is overridden. Selecting RESET momentarily interrupts power to the DEU and commands
the DEU to perform a restart. Keep the DISPLAY POWER switch in RESET for five seconds before
returning it to NORMAL. On the ground after returning the switch to NORMAL, the HUD display should
return in 30 seconds and the MFD displays in 60 seconds. In the air, the HUD display should return in five
seconds and the MFD displays in eight seconds.
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