Figure 3-8 Cross Turn

CHAPTER THREE

LOW-LEVEL AND TACTICAL FORMATION

Cross Turns

Cross turns can be performed from either the combat cruise or combat spread formation. They

involve making heading changes of 120 240 degrees. With the command Callsign, Cross turn,

180 of change is understood. If a smaller or larger change is desired, the leader may elect to

specify the new heading in the command (for example, Cross turn, roll out 145). It is understood

that lead will turn inside on a cross turn, though should still be stated. The cross turn should not

be used in situations where an aggressor might deliver ordinance at the apex of the turn since

both aircraft are closely aligned at this point. If terrain dictates the use of a cross turn during an

engagement, the wingman should climb or descend in order to break the horizontal plane.

For training purposes, the wingman shall climb +500ft for alt separation and both a/c will turn at

45 AOB.

Figure 3-8 Cross Turn

Break Turns

Break turns are maximum aircraft performance maneuvers that orient the flight toward an enemy

aircraft that has penetrated within weapons engagement parameters or that orient the flight away

from hostile ground fire. Against fixed-wing aircraft, break turns are normally used when the

attack comes from near the abeam position. The aircrew that initiates the maneuver gives the

command, (Call sign), break right, bandit 2 o'clock, level, rolling in. The aircraft on the right

side of the formation will make an immediate turn to face the enemy head-on or with a small

aspect angle. The aircrew on the far side of the formation will also turn toward the enemy, but

will continue to maneuver in order to break plane/phase and provide mutual support. The

aircraft with the best tactical situational awareness will assume the role as lead. Additionally, if

the section is engaged by a single aggressor, the aircraft engaged assumes the lead.

3-6

TACTICAL/AERIAL REFUELING PROCEDURES