Figure 404-2. Holding Pattern Entry Technique.

JOINT ADVANCED MULTI-ENGINE T-44A

Time. Begin outbound timing when over or abeam the fix. If you cannot determine the abeam

position, start timing when wings level outbound.

Transition. Confirm airspeed is 150 KIAS and altitude is as assigned.

Twist. Twist the CDI to the inbound holding course.

Talk. Report established in holding if required. [Report the time and altitude upon reaching a

holding fix and when leaving any assigned holding fix; however, these reports may be omitted if

involved in instrument training at military terminal area facilities when radar service is being

provided; e.g., in the local area, holding reports are not required.]

Entry Turns. The angular difference between the holding course and the heading at initial holding fix

passage determines the direction of turn to enter the holding pattern. Enter the holding pattern based on

your heading (+5) relative to the three entry sectors depicted in the AIM and alternately depicted in the

figure below. Upon reaching the holding fix, follow the appropriate procedure for your entry sector.

Left Turns

Right Turns

T.D.

PARALLEL

20 deg

PARALLEL

20 deg

DIRECT

20 deg

Figure 404-2. Holding Pattern Entry Technique.

Index finger aligns with aircraft heading on the RMI/HSI and thumb points in the direction of turns in

holding. The no-wind outbound heading of the holding pattern will be in one of three entry sectors.

Remember, your fingers are parallel to each other, signifying a parallel entry. The lower portion of your

hand is directly attached to your wrist, signifying a direct entry. Your index finger and thumb roughly form

the shape of a teardrop, signifying a teardrop entry.

NOTE: An alternate technique is to use your thumb, index, and middle fingers to form the same angles shown

above.

Parallel Entry. Turn to a heading to parallel the holding course outbound on the non-holding side for the

appropriate time or distance, then turn in the direction of the holding pattern through more than 180 and

return to the holding fix or intercept the holding course inbound. Correct outbound for winds to remain

parallel to the holding course. If not enough drift correction is input, and the aircraft drifts to intercept the

holding course outbound, do not allow the aircraft to drift across the holding course outbound. Use course

guidance to apply appropriate drift correction to remain on the holding course outbound for the remainder

of the time or distance and then turn toward the holding side to return to the holding fix or intercept the

holding course inbound.

Teardrop Entry. Turn outbound to a heading for a 30 teardrop entry (on the holding side) for a period of

one minute then turn in the direction of the holding pattern to intercept the inbound holding course. If leg

lengths are based on DME or timing longer than one minute, turn to parallel the holding course outbound

after one minute. Flying the teardrop heading longer than one minute may place the aircraft farther than

desired from the inbound holding course.

Direct Entry. Turn in the direction of holding and parallel the holding course outbound on the holding side

for the appropriate time or distance, then turn in the direction of holding (toward the holding course) to

intercept the holding course inbound.

4-26

RADIO INSTRUMENTS STAGE