Figure 3-15 Parade Turns Into

T-34C PRIMARY FORMATION FLIGHT TRAINING

CHAPTER THREE

During the turns, Lead should focus on being a smooth platform and will utilize the "parade rate

of roll" when rolling into and out of bank. The parade rate of roll is defined as rolling at a

rate that achieves 30 angle of bank after 30 of turn. Turns will be made in alternate

directions. For area planning purposes, if the first parade turn in the exercise is to the left, then

the direction of movement of the formation will be to the left. Turns can be continuous or

"linked" after F4002 at the discretion of the Instructor Pilots so long as Wing is able to maintain

position.

Wing. Wing is required to maintain a fixed position in relation to Lead in turns and therefore

should be cognizant of all relevant factors when two aircraft are turning together. Wing will

need to apply the concepts of radius of turn and relative motion to maintain position.

Turns Into Wing

As Lead rolls into an angle of bank, Wing will match Lead's angle of bank and maintain the

same parade references as straight and level flight, ventral point on the cutout, exhaust stack

hidden by the wing, and propeller arc on the midpoint. The difference between turns into Wing

and flying straight and level has a lot to do with the fact that the Wingman is on a slightly shorter

turn radius than Lead. If Wing is flying the same airspeed as Lead but with a shorter turn radius,

he is going to turn through space slightly faster than Lead and will therefore tend to get ahead of

the bearing line (acute). Wing must initially reduce power a small amount to maintain position

and then modulate power to hold position. To roll about the Lead's longitudinal axis (Figure 3-

15), Wing will have to lower the nose slightly while reducing power and matching Lead's roll

rate. To roll out, Wing will need to add a small amount of power while pulling the nose up

slightly to maintain the parade checkpoints.

Figure 3-15 Parade Turns Into

SECTION PARADE 3-19