Figure 2-4A. Coupler components

f. Draft Gear and Draft Gear Pocket. Each car has some form of draft gear for

cushioning the coupler and for absorbing and transferring forces from one car to the next. Draft

gears incorporate various types of cushioning devices. See Figure 2-6 for an example of a draft

gear system.

g. Trucks. Freight cars have a pair of trucks to transfer the weight of the car to the track

and provide a method of guidance. Although trucks may vary from two to four axles, friction or

roller bearing, car-mounted or truck-mounted brakes, they all have the same basic components:

wheels, axles, journals, side frames, bolster, center plate, side bearings and various brake

components including rods, beams, hangers, and shoes. See Figure 2-3 for a description of truck

parts.

h. Center Sill Cover Plate. A flat plate riveted or welded across steel center sills, either

above or below or both, to give additional strength.

i. Floor Stringers. A term sometimes applied to a floor nailing strip or a steel member

that acts as a support for a nailing strip.

j. Diagonal Brace. A horizontal brace extending diagonally from the end sill back to or

beyond the bolster.

k. Stake Pocket. A metal receptacle or collar, attached to the side and end sills to

receive the end of a stake which supports the side or confines the load.

l. Car Brake Systems. Railroad cars have two braking systems: hand brakes and air

brakes. Air brakes are the primary means by which railroad cars are slowed and stopped.

Figure 2-4A. Coupler components.

2 -4