Tactical Formation
Flight Procedures
There are three types of engaging turns: tactical (Tac) (Figure 9), in-place (Figure 10 and 11), and cross
(Figure 13). A Tac turn maneuvers the section 90 degrees; in-place and cross turns maneuver the section
180 degrees. If the bogey/threat is abeam the section, use a Tac turn. If the bogey/threat is behind the
section, use a cross turn. When the bogey/threat is behind and offset to one side of the section use an in-
place turn.
Tac-Turn
The lead initiates the turn by calling, “[Call sign], Tac right/left.” The wingman acknowledges, “[Two].” The
mechanics of this turn are not dependent upon actual lead or wingman position but rather “inside” and
“outside” position relative to the direction of turn (Figure 9). The outside man (i.e., the aircraft farthest from
the direction of the turn) will add power and execute a 14-unit AOA turn, using approximately 70 degrees
AOB, tracking the nose of his aircraft on or slightly below the horizon to maintain 300 KIAS. Upon
completing the 90-degree turn, he reduces power to maintain 300 KIAS. Check the inside man’s six and
call, “Six clear.”
The inside man will wait until the outside man is nose on. He then adds power and starts his engaging
turn of 14 units AOA and maintains 300 KIAS. When he regains sight of the outside man, he will check his
six and call, “Visual, six clear.”
Inside-man
Outside-man
Figure 9: TAC TURN
In-place Turns
An in-place turn may be into or away from the wingman. During the in-place turn away, the wingman
keeps sight of the lead aircraft and adjusts his position with AOB and g accordingly. During the in-place
turn into, the wingman will lose sight of the lead and must adjust for combat spread after re-acquiring.
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