Glossary
Instrument Flight
D
Decision Height (DH): The altitude during a precision approach at which a pilot must decide whether to
execute a missed approach or to continue the approach (weather and safety permitting).
DH: See Decision Height.
DME: Distance measuring equipment. (See TACAN.)
DME Fix: A geographical position determined by reference to a navigational aid and defined by a
specified distance in nautical miles and radial in degrees from said aid. For example: a DME fix located
10 nm west of the NSE VORTAC on the 270-degree radial would be written as NSE 270 010.
Dogleg: A vector to the final approach course (usually within 30 degrees of runway heading).
E
EFC: See Expected Further Clearance Time.
Emergency Fuel: An emergency situation which the pilot cannot accept any delays and requires the
most direct and expeditious routing for landing.
Emergency Safe Altitude: An altitude expressed in 100-foot increments providing 1,000 ft (2,000 ft in
designated mountainous areas) of clearance over all obstructions/terrain within a 100-nautical mile radius.
Expected Further Clearance Time (EFC): The time at which it is expected that additional clearance will
be issued to an aircraft.
F
FAF: See Final Approach Fix.
Feeder Route: A route depicted on instrument approach procedure charts that designates routes for an
aircraft to proceed along from the enroute structure to the initial approach fix (IAF).
Final Approach Course (FAC): The segment of an instrument approach between the final approach fix
and the missed approach point.
Final Approach Fix (FAF): The fix from/over which the final portion of an instrument approach is
executed.
Final Controller: The controller who provides final approach guidance using radar equipment.
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