Figure 1-2 - P-8670039

T-39 FLIGHT PREPARATION

STUDENT GUIDE

Gauge

(1). Same as matrix, but

Sometimes difficult to

automatically updates if fuel

measure fractions of a gauge.

flow changes

Also dependent on accurate

(2). Fast, Tactical

ETEs

Pounds Per Nautical Mile

(1). Independent of preflight

(1). Cumbersome numbers to

ETEs.

multiply and divide-small

(ppnm)

errors in ppnm figure can

(2). Useful on long, straight-

cause large errors.

line flights (i.e. cross-country

flights).

(2). Difficult to estimate

average ground speed to IAF

(3). Inflight re-planning

Figure 1-2

g. Enroute delays

INTERMEDIATE: Expect to do a minimum of 3 different approaches at 3 different

airfields on ANAV-20. These approaches will normally be filed approaches but can be

unplanned inflight route changes (such as simulated divert). The enroute approach on

ANAV-21 is considered optional with regard to completing the flight. If planned, the delay

should be included on the DD-175, per FLIP, with 0+20 allotted for the approach. This

will require a little more in-depth fuel planning on the Flight Log, and FLIP study to

determine the peculiarities of the field.

When executing enroute delays, the clearance limit will be to the delay airfield.

Approach Control will give further clearance sometime during or after the approach. It is

important to note that civilian and Air Force fields will often keep you up Tower frequency

until clear of the Class D airspace. Tower will direct the switch to departure in these cases.

17.

PENETRATION VS ENROUTE DESCENT

Jet aircraft approaching the terminal phase from the high altitude structure have a choice of

a high altitude penetration or an enroute descent. ATC will often ask what type of approach is

desired approximately 200 miles from your destination. If you wish to execute the entire

published high altitude approach, you need to request the penetration. If ATC does not make this

request, they will assume you desire an enroute descent. Be wary of altitude assignments below

the IAF altitude. If you want a low altitude approach, or desire vectors to an ILS, a GCA or

TACAN final, you should request the enroute descent. The aircrew may refuse an enroute

descent in favor of a penetration approach.

a. Approach. The approach phase requires constant vigilance. It is very easy to misdirect

your focus during this phase of flight. There are many checklists and briefs to perform, and

the airspace is significantly more crowded.

b. Descent Checklist. The descent checklist includes numerous items that must be

accomplished early so the crew is ready for the approach. Weather information for the

destination airfield should be obtained at least 100-150 NM prior to the destination by

2-15